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    May 31

    Picture of the breached Moehne Dam in The Sphere, May 1943

     

    Quote on John Barnes Blogsite

    Picture of the breached Moehne Dam in The Sphere, May 1943

     

     

    Picture of the breached Moehne Dam, May 17, 1943

     
     
    This picture appeared in The Sphere magazine,
    in the May 29, 1943 edition.
     
    It shows a breach in the Moehne Dam on the Ruhr,
    following an attack by the RAF 617 Squadron using
    Barnes Wallace's "Bouncing Bomb" -- made famous
    in the 1954 movie The Dam Busters.
     
    The attack occurred on the night of the 16th and 17th
    of May, 1943.  The picture shown below was taken on
    the 17th of May by a reconnaissance aircraft.
     
    The breach in the dam wall is about 200 feet wide,
    and is indicated on the picture. A power station
    below the dam was destroyed.
     
     
     
     
    Moehne Dam (breached) May17,1943
     
     
                         Photo of the breached Moehne Dam, May 17, 1943.
     
     
     
     
    The next photo, taken by Eigene Aufnahme, shows the Moehne Dam
    as it appeared in 2004.
     
     
     
     
    Moehne Dam 2004. Photo by Eigene Aufnahme
     
     
                     The Moehne Dam in 2004.  Photo taken by Eigene Aufnahme.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    May 29

    Australia signs draft treaty to ban use of cluster bombs

     

    Quote on John Barnes Blogsite

    Australia signs draft treaty to ban use of cluster bombs
     
     
    Australia has signed a draft treaty to ban the use of cluster bombs.
     
    The draft text, to be ratified in Norway in December (2008), will outlaw
    the use of most types of cluster bombs, and will commit the signatories
    of the treaty to destroy their stockpiles of cluster bombs within 8 years.
     
    Over 100 countries attended the conference in Dublin, and the draft
    treaty has emerged after 10 days of vigorous debate amongst the
    delegates.
     
    Countries who did not sign the draft agreement include the United States,
    Israel, Russia, China, India, and Pakistan.
     
    Australian Defence minister Joel Fitzgibbon (pictured below), said the
    proposed treaty is a "great step forward in humanitarian terms".
     
     
    Small unexploded bomblets can act like landmines, and pose a deadly
    threat to civilians, months, or even years after the cluster bombs have
    been dropped.
     
     
    The picture below shows hundreds of explosions from cluster bomblets
    released from a single larger bomb, and the second picture shows the
    Australian Defence Minister, Joel Fitzgibbon.
     
     
     
     
    Cluster bomblets exploding.
     
     
                   An aerial view of deadly cluster bomblets exploding.
          All these bomblets were released from a single larger bomb.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Joel Fitzgibbon, Australian Defence Minister
     
     
                    The Australian Defence Minister Joel Fitzgibbon.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    May 28

    Talking about Red Rooster stores give seniors 20% discount

     

    Quote on John Barnes Blogsite

    Red Rooster stores give seniors 20% discount
     
     
    Red Rooster is a fully owned Australian company, with
    over 360 stores around Australia, and employing about
    5000 staff.
     
    They offer a 20% discount to anybody in possession of
    a Seniors card.
     
    This means that a Rooster Roll normally priced at $5.20,
    is reduced to $4.15.
     
    In the Canberra area, there is a Red Rooster store at
    Belconnen on the north side, and Wanniassa on the south
    side.
    There is also a store at Queanbeyan, just over the border.
     
     
    The picture below shows section of a Rooster Roll wrapper,
    and the second picture shows the Red Rooster store at
    Wanniassa.
     
    Inside the Wanniassa store, there is an interesting wall
    mounted photo showing the old Parliament House (in Canberra )
    under construction.
    The photo would have been taken around 1926.
     
     
     
     
     
    Red Rooster
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Red Rooster Wanniassa store.  Photo copyright © 2008  John Barnes
     
                     The Red Rooster store at Wanniassa in Tuggeranong (Canberra ).
                     Photo copyright © 2008  John Barnes
     
     
     
     
     
     
    This final photo shows the view directly opposite the Wanniassa Red Rooster
    store.
     
    Here we see part of the Wanniassa shopping centre and carpark.
     
    The gum tree in the foreground with the dense crown appears to have
    had its top section pruned.
     
     
     
     
    tree opposite the Red Rooster store.  Photo copyright © 2008  John Barnes
     
       A view of the Wanniassa shopping centre carpark directly opposite the Red Rooster store,
       looking across Rylah Crescent.
     
                                                 Photo copyright © 2008  John Barnes.
     
     
     
     
                            Wanniassa's Java connection
     
                       "Wanniassa" is not derived from an Aboriginal word.
                            It comes from Wanniassa Station, which was established
                             in the area in the 1830's, and named after a district 
                             in Java (Indonesia) called Wanajassa.
     
     
                            
                             Speaking of Java..... you can listen to the 1964 song
                            "Java Jones" (by Donna Lynn ) here - (it's the ginchiest ). Smile
                              http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4WSfxU_fbCQ
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    May 24

    Betty Underwood - actress, 1948 to 1950......

     

    Quote on John20747's Place

    Betty Underwood - actress, 1948 to 1950......
     
     
     
    Betty Underwood was a dark haired beauty who appeared
    in only 9 movies between 1948 and 1950.
     
    Her last movie seems to have been the 1950 'B Grade' western
    "Storm Over Wyoming" starring Tim Holt.
     
    After that, she seems to have vanished into the ether.
     
    I was unable to find a biography on Betty Underwood, but
    she would have been born around 1925 to 1930.
     
    The picture below shows her in a scene from "Storm Over
    Wyoming", where she played the role of "Ruby", a dance
    girl at the Silver Dollar Casino in the Wyoming town of Sundown.
     
    Posted under the category of "People".
     
     
    Betty Underwood 1950
     

     

                    Betty Underwood in "Storm over Wyoming" (1950).
     
     
     
     

    28 ABC broadcasting stations of the NBS in 1940.

     

    Quote on John Barnes Blogsite

    28 ABC broadcasting stations of the NBS in 1940.
     
    In 1940, there were 26 medium wave broadcasting stations in
    the National Broadcasting System of the Australian Broadcasting
    Commission (ABC).
     
    There were also 2 shortwave stations - VLR at Lyndhurst in
    Victoria, and VLW in Perth, Western Australia.
     
    Below is an extract from the Official Year Book of the Commonwealth
    of Australia for the year 1940 (page 171), under "Radio Telegraphy
    and Telephony".
     
    The cost of an Australian broadcast listener's licence in 1940 was
    21shillings. (15 shillings in remote areas ).
    The total number of Broadcast Listener's Licences issued in Australia
    in 1939 was 1,129,786. 
    In comparison, only 61,000 Australian broadcast listener's licences
    were issued in 1925.
     
     
    The medium wave stations listed are as follows -
     
    2FC, 2BL  Sydney
    2NC Newcastle
    2CO Corowa
    2NR Lawrence
    2CR Cumnock
    2CY Canberra
     
    3LO, 3AR Melbourne
    3GI Sale
    3WV Dooen
     
    4QR, 4QG Brisbane
    4QN Townsville
    4QS Dalby
    4RK Rockhampton
     
    5CL, 5AN Adelaide
    5CK Crystal Brook
     
    6WF, 6WN Perth
    6WA Minding
    6GF Kalgoorlie
     
    7ZR, 7ZL Hobart
    7NT Kelso
     
     
     
     
     
    28 NBS stations 1940
     
     
                                The 28 transmitting stations of the ABC in 1940.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    May 22

    "Bels44"- 200Kw LF transmitter for submarine communications

     

    Quote on John Barnes Blogsite

    "Bels44"- 200Kw LF transmitter for submarine communications
     
     
     
     
    200KW submarine transmitter, Belconnen Naval Station, Canberra.
     
     
    During the Second World War, there was only one transmitting station
    in Australia that could send messages to submerged submarines.
     
    It was code-named "Bels44", and was located at the Belconnen Naval
    Transmitting Station in Canberra, officially designated "Bels" (for Belconnen).
    It was a high-powered Low Frequency transmitter operating on a frequency
    of 44 Kilohertz, hence the code-name "Bels44".
     
    Note - Even though the town centre of Belconnen (in Canberra), was not
    gazetted until 1966, the Naval Station was known as the Belconnen Naval
    Station from its very inception in 1939.
     
    Low frequencies have the ability to penetrate seawater, and the lower the
    frequency, the greater the depth of penetration.
     
    "Bels44" operated in the Low Frequency (LF) radio spectrum, which covers
    the frequency range of 30 Kilohertz to 300 Kilohertz.
    At a frequency of 44 Kilohertz, "Bels44" was operating at the lower end of
    the LF band, thereby giving it reasonable signal penetration to partially
    submerged submarines.
     
    The 200 Kilowatt transmitter was designed by STC (Standard Telephones
    and Cables ), and employed water-cooled valves (electron tubes).
     
    Messages to submarines were transmitted in encrypted morse code.
    (The use of audio in the LF band is impractical ).
     
    At radio frequencies, a basic law of physics dictates that the lower
    the frequency, the longer the wavelength, and the higher the frequency,
    the shorter the wavelength.
     
    In the LF band, wavelengths are measured in Kilometres rather than
    metres. At 300 Kilohertz, the wavelength is 1 Kilometre, but at 30
    Kilohertz, the wavelength increases to 10 Kilometres !
     
    This long wavelength is ideal for penetrating seawater, but it presents
    a problem for antenna designers at these low frequencies.
     
    In a nutshell, the higher the frequency, the shorter the antenna
    required to efficiently radiate a signal at any given frequency.
    This means that transmitters operating in the Low Frequency band
    require rather large antennas, and this was quite obvious at the
    Belconnen transmitting station, where three towers, each 600 feet
    high, could be seen from many miles away.
     
    The three towers were designated "44A", "44B", and "44C".
    A long-wave aerial array was strung between the 3 towers, and
    the east-west alignment of the array, was designed to give maximum
    radiation towards the Indian and Pacific oceans.
     
     
    "Bels44" was designed specifically for transmitting to submarines,
    but the 44 Kilohertz signal could also be received by surface vessels
    equipped with a Low Frequency receiver.
    Normally, transmissions to surface vessels were carried out in the
    High Frequency (shortwave) band, using the frequency range of 3 to
    30 Megahertz.
     
     
    The Belconnen Naval Transmission Station was officially opened in
    1939 - just in time for the start of World War II .
     
    High Frequency (shortwave ) transmissions from Belconnen began
    in that year, but the high-powered submarine transmitter did not
    commence full operation until 1941, and continued to operate for
    the next 54 years, until 1995, when it was finally decommissioned.
     
    In 1939, the Naval Receiving Station, HMAS Harman near Queanbeyan,
    also began operation. It was located 11 miles from the transmitting
    station.
     
    Both the transmitting station at Belconnen and the Receiving Station at
    HARMAN, operated in conjunction with the large UK naval facility at
    Rugby in England.
     
    From 1942 onwards, "Bels44" would have been transmitting to American
    submarines as well as British and Australian subs.
     
    The 'head honchos' in Signals Intelligence Monitoring in Germany (and
    especially in Japan), would have been well aware of the existence of
    "Bels44" by mid 1942, but there was absolutely nothing they could do
    to silence it.  Canberra was totally beyond their reach !
     
    Had the Naval Transmitting Station been located in Darwin, it would have
    been a sitting target for Japanese bombers during the series of air raids
    on Darwin between 1942 and 1943.  "Bels44" would have been put out of
    action for the duration of the war !
     
    The transmitter was gradually upgraded between 1959 and 1961, and
    resulted in the water-cooled electron tubes being replaced by air-cooled
    tubes, and the RF output power being increased from 200 to 250 Kilowatts.
     
    Even though "Bels44" was decommissioned in 1995, the three towers
    remained standing until December 2006.
     
    The first two pictures are courtesy of DEWHA (Department of the
    Environment, Water, Heritage, and the Arts ). The photographer
    was Dragi Markovic.
    In the first picture, we see one of the towers at Belconnen (and
    associated buildings).
    The second picture is a close-up of a former tuning hut, which, after
    the decommissioning of "Bels44", was used as a chemical storage shed !
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Belconnen Naval Transmitting Station antenna
     
     
    A view of the Belconnen Naval Transmission Station
    with one of the "Bels44" antennas in the foreground.
    Photo by Dragi Markovic of DEWHA.
     
     
     
    This former tuning hut has been converted into a "chemical store".
     
    The purpose of the tuning hut was to 'tune' the impedance of the
    transmission line from the transmitter building, to the impedance of the
    antenna, using large adjustable tuning coils inside the hut.
     
     
     
     
     
    This picture shows the three "Bels44" antennas being disassembled in December
    2006 - 11 years after the "Bels44" transmitter had been decommissioned.
    Photo by Peter Ellis.
     
     
     
    Footnote -
    I first heard about the 200 Kilowatt Low Frequency transmitter in the early
    1960's from Fred Lubeck, the man in charge of the (now demolished) PMG
    Radio Telegraphy Station at Capalaba, south of Brisbane.
    (A Radio Inspector's office was located at the other end of the building,
    and their primary function was to check the operating frequency of all
    radio and TV stations in the Brisbane area ).
     
    Fred had worked at the Belconnen Naval Station, and had been involved
    in the operation and maintenance of the 200 Kilowatt STC transmitter.
    At the time of its construction in the late 1930's, it was 'leading edge'
    technology, and the most powerful Low Frequency transmitter in the
    Southern Hemisphere.
     
    We may never know how vital a role "Bels44" played during the Second
    World War, but given the technology of the time, I'm sure it was a case
    of "Hells Bels" for the  Axis powers !
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    May 21

    Australia has only six States !

    From: NineMSN NicknameThe_-Airman (Original Message)
     
    Despite being almost the size of the United States (not counting
    Alaska ), Australia has only six States, and 2 Territories.
    [The US is 'broken up' into about 50 States].
     
    Having only 6 States (as opposed to 50), is generally regarded
    as a BIG PLUS, as it greatly reduces the overall number of politicians,
    red tape,  overlapping of Government departments, and cost to
    the "public purse".
     
    Just imagine the congestion at Parliament House in Canberra if we
    had 50 States!
    The new Parliament House (opened in 1988 ) would have to be
    quadrupled in size just to accommodate all the Representatives
    and Senators!
     
     
    The map below shows the 6 States and the Northern Territory.
    The Australian Capital Territory, located inside the State of New
    South Wales is not shown.
    Western Australia is the largest State, and the island of
    Tasmania is the smallest State.
     
    The capital of Australia, Canberra, is located in the Australian
    Capital Territory, and is administered by a Legislative Assembly,
    as is the Northern Territory.
     
     
     
     
           
     
     
    Map of Australia showing the six States, and the Northern Territory.
     
     
     
     
    Originally posted by The Airman on Australia The Land Down Under
     
     
     
     
     
     
    May 19

    Reconciliation News No.11 - May 2008

     

    Quote on John20747's Place

    Reconciliation News No.11 - May 2008
     
    Reconciliation News is produced 3 times per year by
    Reconciliation Australia, based in the Old Parliament
    House, on King George Terrace, in Canberra.
     
    This is the cover of the latest issue ( No.11 ).
     
    It has 28 pages and 32 colour photos.
     
     
     
    Reconciliation News May 2008
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    May 16

    "Carbon Footprint" - a work of art by John Barnes

     

    Quote on John Barnes Blogsite

    "Carbon Footprint" - a work of art by John Barnes
     
     
    "Carbon Footprint" - artwork by John Barnes, 2008.
     
     
     
    This piece of artwork was produced by walking barefoot
    in coal soot located along the railway line near Queanbeyan
    Railway Station, and then impressing a coal-dusted footprint
    on a sheet of A4. It had been raining at the time, so the soot
    was wet, and it was relatively easy to produce the 'footprint'.
     
    This is a genuine 'carbon footprint', as the coal soot consists
    mainly of  Amorphous carbon.
     
    The small amount of soot near the railway line came from an
    old (coal powered ) steam train operated by the Australian
    Railway Historical Society.
     
    The train makes occassional runs from Kingston to Bungendore
    during the winter months.
    The price of a return ticket is $40 per adult.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Carbon footprint copyright © 2008 John Barnes
     
     
                   "Carbon Footprint" by John Barnes
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    May 13

    DDT advert from 1946 - manufactured by Du Pont.

     

    Quote on John Barnes Blogsite

    DDT advert from 1946 - manufactured by Du Pont.
     
     
    DDT - (Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane).
     
     

    DDT  advert from 1946, showing a bottle of 

    Du Pont 5% DDT insect spray for household use. 

    (There was also a 5% DDT powder available ).

     

    At the bottom of the advert, the Du Pont slogan reads - 

    "Better things for better living .......... through chemistry ".

    The contents of the 5 percent DDT insect spray was poured

    from the bottle into a hand operated 'fly sprayer'.

    Later on, the DDT spray became available in an aerosol can.

     

      

    DDT advert 1946
     
     
     
     
     
    In 1946, Du Pont was only one of about 15 chemical companies licensed
    to manufacture DDT in the USA.
     
    The demand for the new pesticide had come from the US Army, after
    entering WW2 in the early 1940's.
     
    The new 'wonder' chemical was needed for US soldiers fighting in
    Europe to combat typhus, a killer disease spread by body lice.
    Soldiers in a high risk typhus zone were given a good spraying
    of DDT to kill the lice on their bodies and in their clothing. This
    was known as "delousing".
     
    Typhus was one of the biggest killers in places such as concentration
    camps, where large numbers of people were 'bundled' together in
    squalid conditions without adequate food, sanitation, washing facilities,
    or medical care.
     
    The German method of controlling typhus-bearing lice in clothing and
    personal belongings was fumigation. It was very effective in the
    delousing of  furs and leather goods as well as 'regular' clothing materials.
     
    The fumigant, hydrogen cyanide, was released from 'carrier' granules
    using the trade name of Zyklon B.
    (DDT was not generally available in Germany at that time). 
     
    The problem with the fumigation process is that it required sealed
    fumigation chambers, and for effective results, the chamber had to
    be equipped with a fan to provide circulation and venting, plus a device
    for heating the circulating air.
    The higher the temperature inside the chamber, the quicker the hydrogen
    cyanide was released from the Zyklon pellets.
     
     
    [It should be noted that fumigation is by no means "yestreday's technology".
    In Australia today, fumigation chambers are used in a wide variety of
    commercial applications, including the fumigation of fruits and vegetables,
    timber products, and cut flowers (for export ).
    Fumigants in common use include Methyl Bromide, Phosfume, and Ethylene
    Dibromide (to be phased out ). Hydrogen Cyanide is still in use, but only in
    specialised applications] .
     
    Due to the high cost of fumigation, it comes as no surprise to be informed
    that used clothing available from Australia's largest charities such as The Salvation
    Army (Salvos Stores), and St. Vincent De Paul Society (Family Centre Stores),
    is not fumigated before being hung up on clothing racks in their stores, so
    it's a case of "buyer beware" if you wear the used clothes without first giving
    them a thorough wash in your own washing machine !
     
     
     
    DDT was also needed by the US Army in the Pacific arena of the war
    to combat malaria, spread by mosquitoes.
     
    After the war, DDT became one of the main agricultural insecticides,
    as it would kill a wide variety of crop-eating insects and other
    troublesome bugs.
     
    However, it was later revealed that DDT had undesirable biological
    effects in humans and other animals, and by 1972 it had been banned
    as an agricultural spray in the United States.
     
    It was banned in Australia in 1978.
     
    Du Pont is one of the world's major chemical companies.
    It was founded by Eleuthere du Pont in the State of Delaware in 1802,
    originally as a gunpowder manufacturer.
     
    The company discontinued manufacturing DDT in 1954 because
    the manufacturing process was proving to be unprofitable !
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    May 08

    1915 Manual Telephone Exchange Switchboard

     
     
     

    A 1915 manual telephone exchange Switchboard.

     

     
    This is a picture of a 1915 central battery (CB )manual  Switchboard .
     
    At the time, it was 'leading edge' technology, replacing
    the older Magneto exchange, which required the subscriber
    to turn a generator crank handle (sticking out of the side of the
    telephone) in order to send a ringing signal to the exchange.
     
    The subscriber also required a local battery in his (or her)
    premises to provide power to the telephone microphone
    and receiver. This was a real problem, as subscriber's
    batteries were regularly going 'flat', thereby rendering
    their telephone inoperable - even though they could
    still send a ringing signal to the exchange !
     
    With the new CB system, the power (usually 48volts DC),
    is sent from the telephone exchange to the subscriber's
    phone via the telephone line.
    The 48 volts came from a bank of batteries in the telephone
    exchange, and eliminated the need for the subscriber to
    have a local battery on the premises to power the phone.
     
     
    In the picture below, each plugged-in cord represents a
    conversation in progress . The cord simply connects
    one subscriber to another.
     
    Only part of the switchboard is shown . There are many
    more operators - all women.
     
    The manual exchange was eventually replaced by the
    fully automatic exchange, which did away with the need
    for operators.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    1915 CB exchange switchboard
     
            Section of the switchboard associated with a Manual Telephone Exchange.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     

    National Archives of Australia, Queen Victoria Terrace, Parkes

     

    Quote on "Pictures of Canberra by John Barnes"

    National Archives of Australia, Queen Victoria Terrace, Parkes
     
     
    This photo shows the front section of the National Archives
    building in Canberra.
     
    It is situated in Queen Victoria Terrace in the suburb of Parkes,
    on the site where the original Canberra General Post Office (GPO )
    was located.
     
     
    Photo copyright © 2005   John Barnes
     
     
     
     
    National Archives, Canberra.
     
               Front entrance to the National Archives of Australia in Queen Victoria Terrace.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    May 07

    Picture of Air Force Two (Boeing C-32) at Sydney airport, 2007.

     
     
     

    Air Force Two (Boeing C-32) lands at Sydney airport

     
     
    Dateline - Thursday, February 22nd, 2007.
     
    The American Vice President Dick Cheney (and his entourage) arrived
    in Sydney aboard Air Force Two tonight on an official three day visit to Australia.
     
    The pictures below show Air Force Two just after it  touched down.
    The aircraft is a C-32, a military version of the Boeing 757, and is powered
    by two Pratt and Whitney jet engines.
     
     
     
    Air Force Two
     
     
                     Air Force Two  at Sydney International Airport. 
     
     
     
     
                   A closer view of Air Force Two on the tarmac at Sydney airport.
     
     
     
       A close-up view of one of the large Pratt and Whitney jet engines on Air  Force Two.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     

    Picture of Chris Bath, newsreader

     
     
     
    Picture of Chris Bath, TV newsreader (2007)
     
     
     
    Chris Bath newsreader
     
                                                Chris Bath - TV newsreader (2007).
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    May 06

    Last Mini driven off production line in 2000 by pop singer Lulu

     
     
     
    The picture below show British pop singer Lulu driving
    the last Mini off the production line at Birmingham,
    in 2000.
     
    A total of 5,387,862 Minis were produced over a 41 year
    period from 1959 to 2000 .
     
    The Mini first made its appearance in Australia in early 1961,
    and they were manufactured here in Australia by BMC
    (British Motor Corp) and later by Leyland Australia.
    Local production of the Mini ceased in late 1978.
     
     
    The other picture shows a close-up of Lulu in the
    passenger seat.
     
     
     
     
    Click on the thumbnails for a larger view.
     
     
     
    May 03

    clipper "Patriarch" sets record for Gravesend to Sydney voyage, 1870

     
     
    The picture below shows the iron clipper  Patriarch at
    dock in Sydney Harbour in the early 1890's.
     
     
    Patriarch set a new record of 69 days for its maiden voyage from Gravesend
    on the Thames (near London), to Sydney Harbour, between December 2nd, 1869,
    and February 10th, 1870 - a distance of about 13,000 miles.
     
    It went the 'long way around' Tasmania without passing through Bass
    Strait.
    After navigating around the Cape of Good Hope, Patriarch went as  far South
    as 50 degrees South latitude before turning north to navigate around Tasmania
    and up the east coast to Sydney.
     
     
    The clipper was the first iron ship built by the Aberdeen White Star Line,
    and was launched in 1869 at a cost of 24,000 British pounds.
    It had steel masts, and gross tonnage was almost 1500 tons.
     
    The return journey was via the Pacific Ocean around Cape Horn,
    and back to England via the Atlantic Ocean. This was accomplished
    in 67 days.
     
     
    During the voyage to Sydney, one of the best runs saw Patriarch cover
    370 miles in one day, averaging a speed of 15 knots.
     
    The navigational skills in those days was impressive, given that there
    was no radio or  satellite navigation systems.
    One hundred years earlier, Captain Cook had made use of the same
    navigational techniques in his search for the "Great Southern Continent".
     
     
    The vessel was designed specifically for the England to Australia run,
    and served a useful life of 29 years before being eventually sold off.
    During its working life it never suffered any major mishaps, not even
    in storms. It was an extremely robust and reliable vessel.
     
    Moreover, it was a very 'environmentally friendly' ship in that it
    utilised wind-power only, and did not employ any coal-burning
    locomotion devices such as steam engines !
     
     
    The second picture shows Patriarch at anchor in the River Thames around
    1890.
     
    The third picture shows Patriarch under full sail off the East coast of Australia
    in the early 1890's.
     
     
     
     
     
    The Patriarch in Sydney Harbour, early 1890's.
     
     
     
                           Patriarch unloading at Sydney Harbour in the early 1890's.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     Patriarch anchored in the Thames.
     
     
     
     
                           Patriarch at anchor in the River Thames, circa 1890.
     
     
     
     
     
     
    Patriarch under full sail
     
                Patriarch under full sail off the east coast of Australia in the early 1890's.
     
     
     

     
     
     

    May 02

    Mon and Obs room, Racal RA17 receiver, and "SINPO"sheets

     

    Quote on John Barnes Blogsite

    Mon and Obs room, Racal RA17 receiver, and "SINPO"sheets
     
     
     
    The photo below was taken at the Radio Australia Receiver Site
    (on Cox Peninsula) in 1968.
     
    It was taken in the Monitoring & Observations room, commonly
    referred to as the "Mon & Obs" room.
     
    The purpose of the room was to allow monitoring of short-wave
    transmissions from Radio Australia in Shepparton, Victoria, with
    the use of RACAL RA17 communications receivers.
     
    Two RACAL RA17 receivers can be seen mounted in the monitoring
    console.
     
    The papers on the desk in front of the console are 'SINPO' sheets.
    These sheets were filled out on various Shepparton frequencies every hour,
    and the results entered, assessed each frequency on the following criteria -
     
    Signal (strength)
    Interference
    Noise
    Propagation disturbance
    Overall rating.
     
    Hence the acronym, SINPO.
    The SINPO sheets were also referred to as "Channel Occupancy Logs".
     
    The information recorded on the SINPO sheets determined which
    Shepparton frequencies were best suited for re-transmission from
    the Cox Peninsula Transmitter Site, for a given time of the day.
     
    The "mon & obs" room was staffed 24 hours, and each 'mon & obs'
    operator worked rotating shifts, which included 11 pm to 7am, 7am
    to 3pm, and 3pm to 11pm, seven days per week.
    The mon & obs operator was transported to and from Cox Peninsula
    by the motor launch  Charles Todd (sunk in 1974 by Cyclone Tracy ).
     
    A log book was provided on the night shift to record the arrival and
    departure times of the watchman, who would check in 2 or 3 times
    during the shift, after driving the 10 miles from the Transmitter Site.
    The 'mon & obs' operator was the only person at the Receiver Site
    during the 11pm to 7am shift.
     
    Despite the isolation of the site, not a single incident was recorded in
    the Log Book over a 12 month period (with the exception of a number
    of complaints about the air conditioning).
     
     
    During the period 1968 to 1969, the Prime Minister of Australia was John Grey
    Gorton. The Postmaster General was Alan Hulme, and the Treasurer was William
    ('Billy') McMahon.
     
    The PMG Engineer in charge of Radio Australia Cox Peninsula was Bill Shapley.
    He was based in the Darwin office, but took a trip across the harbour whenever
    a visit to the Transmitter or Receiver Site was warranted.
    Second-in-charge was Brian Woodrow, and the Supervising Engineer in Adelaide
    was Jack Ross. (John F. Ross).
     
    The Receiver Site was closed down in 1974, because it had been rendered
    obsolete by the completion of a new NEC microwave broadband system that
    had been extended from Mount Isa to Darwin in that year.
    Programme material for the Transmitter Site now came from the ABC Radio
    Australia Studios in Melbourne via microwave link, thereby dispensing with
    the need to receive the programs 'off air' from Shepparton.
    The NEC microwave equipment was assembled at the NEC Australia factory
    at Mulgrave in Melbourne.
     
     
    In December 1974, the Radio Australia Transmitter Site was severely
    damaged by cyclone Tracy, and was not restored until 10 years later.
    In 1975 the Postmaster General's Department was abolished and
    broken up into Telecom and Australia Post.
     
    The second photo shows a close-up of one of the receivers.
    Note that the 2 main tuning dials were marked in Megacycles
    and Kilocycles.
    (Those units were later changed to Megahertz and Kilohertz,
    in honour of Heinrich Hertz (1857-1894) a German physicist who
    carried out research into electromagnetic waves).
     
    The date on the desk calendar reads - Thursday, 7 November, 1968.
     
     
    The last 2 photos show the main entrance to the Receiver Site,
    and an external view of the Receiver Site building before landscaping
    had been carried out.
     
     
     
    Photos copyright © 1968   John Barnes.
     
     
     
    RACAL receivers in Mon & Obs console.
     
     
                The monitoring console in the 'mon & obs" room at the Receiver Site, 1968.
                Note the SINPO sheets on the desk. They had to be filled out every hour.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
               Closeup of RACAL RA17 receiver. The frequency is set to 17870 Kilocycles ( kilohertz).
               "Big Brother" is watching !
     
     
     
     
     
     
      
    Receiver Site entrance
     
     
               Entrance to the Receiving Site (Radio Receiving Station), Cox Peninsula,1968.
     
     
     
     
                               
     
     
     
                     Receiver Site building, 1968. The 'Mon & Obs' room is at the far end, on the right.
                     Landscaping of the site has not yet been carried out.
                     The section on the left contained the air conditioning plant.
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
    May 01

    21 Photos of the Wanniassa Supabarn expansion in 2005

     

    Quote on Kim Klystron Windows Live

    Pictures of the Wanniassa Supabarn expansion in 2005

     

    The expansion of the Supabarn store at Wanniassa shopping

    centre in 2005 .

     
     
    Below are 21 photos showing the massive expansion of the
    Supabarn store at the Wanniassa shopping centre ( on the
    south side of Canberra ) in 2005 .
     
    The Supabarn store was formerly a much smaller IGA store .
     
     
    Supabarn is a part of the Koundouris Group , which is based in
    Canberra , and also includes the ZOO advertising & marketing agency .
     
    The store was originally called the Supabarn Emporium before the
    expansion.
     
     
    All photos copyright © 2005   John Barnes
     
     
     
    Click on each picture for a larger view .